International Journal of Scientific Research and Innovative Studies

Floristic stability and stratification of ecosystems in the Central Basin: towards a resilience model in Central Africa

2026-03-10T23:55:58+00:00

Faced with growing anthropogenic pressures in the Central Basin of the Congo, identifying resilient forest groups is imperative to ensure the sustainability of the carbon sink. This study analyses the structure and diversity of 60 permanent plots spread across three contrasting sites: Isangi, Uma and Mambasa. We adopted a refined vertical reading by distinguishing the understorey (diameter at breast height, DBH ≤ 60 cm) from the canopy (DBH > 60 cm). Three dominant assemblages, anchored by Scorodophloeus zenkeri, Staudtia kamerunensis and Cynometra alexandri, were identified. These groups exhibit high alpha diversity (Shannon H' index), inverted J-shaped diameter structures and marked stratification, signs of strong ecological stability. Our results demonstrate that the synergy between floristic diversity and architectural complexity maximises above-ground biomass (AGB). These data provide a robust scientific basis for establishing resilient model forests in the Congo Basin.

Keywords: Congo Basin, floristic diversity, ecological resilience, forest stratification

Received Date: February 22, 2025

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/586

FOSTER OR INSPIRE When teaching becomes a driving force for student entrepreneurship

2026-03-11T22:47:41+00:00

In an increasingly changing socio-economic context, Morocco is facing high unemployment, particularly among graduates, highlighting a mismatch between education and the needs of the labour market. Indeed, the disconnect between the skills acquired at university and the demands of the professional market underscores the need for more appropriate training (Benamar et al., 2016). In this context, student entrepreneurship is emerging as a promising alternative for employability. Promoting university initiatives to stimulate entrepreneurial intent among students could serve as a lever for improving career prospects.

This interaction between universities and entrepreneurship goes beyond the simple notions of business creation. Universities have gradually evolved to become key players in promoting entrepreneurial spirit, thereby fostering encounters between universities and entrepreneurs. It is therefore essential to understand the institutional role of universities in promoting a culture of entrepreneurship among their students. Similarly, the involvement of teachers through the use of innovative teaching methods can have a positive effect on students' entrepreneurial intentions.

In this study, we will attempt to examine the perceptions of students at Cadi Ayyad University (UCA) regarding the impact of university initiatives on the development of entrepreneurial intentions among students, particularly the role of teachers and the effectiveness of the teaching methods used.

Keywords: University, Entrepreneurship, Student, Entrepreneurial intention, Teacher, Teaching methods used.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/587

Executive remuneration, performance and responsible governance in Morocco: empirical insights from a national governance barometer

2026-04-06T19:01:11+00:00

In emerging markets, studying the link between executive remuneration and performance remains challenging when published information is incomplete, inconsistent and rarely comparable across companies. Drawing on the 2025 edition (2024 data) of the Responsible Governance Barometer in Morocco, this article offers a secondary empirical analysis of a public dataset covering 92 publicly listed companies and over 100 data points per company. The methodology involves the systematic extraction of published indicators, their grouping into analytical dimensions consistent with the literature – board structure, ownership and control, specialised committees, board functioning, remuneration transparency and dissemination of CSR data – followed by their interpretation in the light of agency theory, managerial power theory and institutionalism. The results show that Moroccan corporate governance is more formalised than before, with boards averaging 9.4 members, 36% of structures separating executive and supervisory functions, 23% independent directors and 29% women. They also reveal a persistent gap between formal structure and substantive transparency: 53% of companies disclose executive remuneration, 70% disclose directors’ fees, and only 1% incorporate CSR or non-financial criteria into their remuneration policy. The article concludes that the Barometer provides a robust observatory of the institutional conditions in which the alignment of remuneration and performance can be assessed, without, however, providing, on its own, a sufficient basis for testing it econometrically at the firm level.

Keywords

Executive remuneration; corporate governance; performance; transparency; responsible governance; publicly listed companies; Morocco

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/610

Water security in northern Morocco: natural difficulties, water requirements, technical measures, and the most important state strategies - the case of the Al Hoceima region

2026-04-06T19:17:57+00:00

Water is very important in the Al Hoceima region of Northern Morocco and underpins the region's stability, population growth, and social, economic, and environmental development. Al Hoceima, along with the rest of North Morocco, has been receiving heavy rainfall over the last two decades. Al Hoceima, however, has been receiving much less rain than it has over the last two decades. Current climate change poses obstacles that affect almost every domain: Al Hoceima's natural wealth has been stressed, and in Al Hoceima, the water has literally reversed. Rainfall has been very extreme in Al Hoceima (the last 20+ year time span shows that annually it has been as low as 300-1000mm and for the rest of the Kingdom, Al Hoceima persists* to use a water management strategy, of its own, as it is the case for the rest of the Kingdom. For this reason, the issue of Al Hoceima is particularly relevant, given the lack of rainfall and water stress.

This particularly applies to Northern Morocco and the region of Al Hoceima, which recognises the decreasing availability of water. This is particularly the case during the time of the realisation of the impacts of climate change and even the localised impacts of climate change, which include, among others, industrial water use and the resultant and sustained high demand attributed to population increase, which also affects the water-deficient resources due to over-reliance on dam water, coupled with water-consuming farming practices. In this regard, the above factors necessitated the formulation of numerous questions, particularly regarding the water resources of the Northern region of Morocco, and Al-Hoceima in particular. We then pose a secondary question: how effectively do the water policies in place promote water governance and regulate water use?

Keywords: water resources - northern Morocco - Al Hoceima city - rainfall - climate change.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/611

Synergy Between MOOCs and Digital Competency Frameworks: A Case Study of the MOOC« Teach remotely » for Continuing Education in Morocco

2026-04-07T00:58:09+00:00

This article examines the interaction between MOOCs for teacher continuing education and digital competency frameworks in Morocco. The objective is to understand how frameworks such as NUMEFA, UNESCO's ICT framework, and DigCompEdu influence the design and deployment of self-paced online courses. To achieve this, we conducted a case study of the MOOC «Teach remotely » offered on the « e-takwine» platform. An in-depth documentary analysis of its objectives, pedagogical content, and assessment methods was carried out to evaluate their alignment with framework requirements. The analysis reveals that while some aspects of the MOOC meet expectations, significant discrepancies exist in content structuring and assessment methods. These findings suggest areas for improvement, particularly a pedagogical reengineering approach to optimize content structuring and integrate assessments better suited for digital competencies. The proposed recommendations aim to provide Moroccan teachers with more effective and relevant continuing education programs aligned with national educational requirements.

Keywords: MOOC, Competency Frameworks, Digital Skills, Continuing Education.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/614

Big Data in decision-making processes relating to sexual and reproductive health: practical case studies of midwives in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2026-04-16T23:45:56+00:00

Sexual and reproductive health is a major public health issue in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), characterised by high maternal mortality rates and inequalities in access to care. In this context, midwives play a central role in the care of women and newborns. However, their practices remain poorly modelled and insufficiently utilised to support decision-making.

This article explores the contribution of Big Data to improving decision-making in reproductive health through the modelling of midwives’ practices in the DRC. Using a mixed-methods approach combining big data analysis, field surveys and predictive modelling, the study highlights the potential of analytical technologies to improve the quality of care.

The results show that integrating clinical, demographic and behavioural data enables the prediction of obstetric risks, the optimisation of midwives’ interventions and the strengthening of health planning.

Keywords: Big Data, reproductive health, processes, midwives, decision support, DRC, artificial intelligence, modelling, public health.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/618

Data Clustering in the Age of Big Data: Challenges, Methodologies and Analytical Implications

2026-04-16T23:48:48+00:00

With the exponential proliferation of data, Big Data analysis has become a cornerstone of modern decision-making. At the heart of this analysis lies clustering, an unsupervised learning technique aimed at grouping similar objects. This article explores the crucial role of clustering in the Big Data analytical process, examining the specific challenges posed by the volume, velocity, variety and veracity of data. We review traditional clustering methodologies and their adaptations, as well as algorithms specifically designed for Big Data environments. Practical implications, use cases and future prospects, including integration with deep learning and distributed systems, are also discussed. The aim is to provide an in-depth understanding of how clustering can unlock valuable insights from massive and complex datasets.

Keywords: Data clustering, Big Data, Data analysis, Unsupervised learning, Clustering algorithms, Big Data challenges, Data mining, Artificial intelligence.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/619

Tourism and Economic Growth in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: An Empirical Analysis from 1995 to 2023

2026-04-16T23:54:41+00:00

This paper examines the relationship between tourism and economic growth in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) over the period 1995–2023. It highlights a significant positive impact of tourism on national economic growth. Using an ARDL modelling approach, the results reveal a bidirectional causal relationship in the Toda-Yamamoto sense between GDP per capita and tourism revenues. The test also confirms causal links between institutional variables, tourism activity, and economic growth. Therefore, the development of sustainable tourism, supported by strong institutional governance and effective regulation, appears to be a strategic lever for stimulating economic growth and economic diversification in the DRC.

Keywords: Tourism, Economic Growth, ARDL Model, Governance.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/620

Medical and historical factors influencing susceptibility to malaria among pregnant women in the Malende Health District, DR Congo

2026-04-17T00:03:06+00:00

Malaria is a major health problem, particularly for pregnant women, due to the serious complications it causes, such as anaemia, preterm birth and low birth weight. This study aims to identify the medical and historical factors influencing susceptibility to malaria among pregnant women in the Malende Health Zone in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Methods: This descriptive and correlational study involved 72 pregnant women attending the Malende Health Centre between November 2023 and March 2024. Data were collected through interviews using a structured guide. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, employing the chi-square test to assess relationships between variables.

Results: The results show that 44.4% of pregnant women tested positive for malaria. Multiparity, lack of preventive treatment and irregular use of insecticide-treated bed nets are significant factors associated with high malaria prevalence. Furthermore, low educational attainment and inadequate antenatal care were identified as increased risks.

Conclusion: Malaria remains a serious threat to the health of pregnant women in this region. Measures such as improving access to preventive treatment and promoting the use of insecticide-treated bed nets are essential to reduce the prevalence of malaria.

Keywords: Malaria, pregnant women, prevention, insecticide-treated bed nets, antenatal care, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/621

Education and Entrepreneurship in Mali

2026-04-17T00:28:28+00:00

The article examines the link between the education system and entrepreneurship in Mali, in a context where the mismatch between education and employment has become a major challenge. It analyses the dynamics of human capital and the factors influencing career intentions. Faced with severe pressures and the mass entry of young people into the labour market, Mali needs to transform its investment in education into a genuine capacity for value creation.

The study addresses the following question: How does the development of human capital influence the intentions and entrepreneurial actions of young graduates, particularly when the labour market remains heavily dominated by informality?

The article highlights a paradox: despite high expectations regarding schooling (as a stepping stone to the civil service), graduates face difficulties in entering the labour market (unemployment and a shift towards subsistence-based informal work rather than entrepreneurship with growth potential). Conceptually, the article links two dimensions: human capital theory, which suggests that education increases productivity and therefore the ability to engage in entrepreneurial activities; and the empirical realities in Mali, which show that education can also act as a constraint if it fails to sufficiently foster initiative and an entrepreneurial culture, and if institutional constraints increase risk aversion.

To explore this relationship, the article formulates five hypotheses concerning: the influence of education on attitudes towards entrepreneurship; the role of subjective norms (family/social support); the effect of self-efficacy and entrepreneurship training; the existence of disparities related to gender and field of study; and the potentially ambiguous impact of current awareness modules, especially if they are not supported by practical guidance.

Finally, the methodology employs a mixed approach: a descriptive analysis using macroeconomic and social data (EMOP/INSTAT), followed by an econometric analysis using multinomial logistic regression. This model compares employment choices across three categories: entrepreneurship (starting a business), employment in the private sector or NGOs, and entry into the civil service.

Keywords: Human capital, Entrepreneurial intention, Education, Labour market, Self-efficacy.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/625

Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship in Africa

2026-04-17T01:44:03+00:00

This study examines the complex relationship between the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), the education system, and the entrepreneurial intentions of young graduates in Africa, with a particular focus on the Malian context (a multidimensional economic analysis).

In an environment characterised by strong demographic pressure and a labour market dominated by informality, the ability of African economies to convert educational investments into real economic value is a major challenge. Drawing on human capital theory and Lazear’s “balanced skills” model, the article analyses how AI redefines the returns to education and reshapes professional trade-offs. Using econometric modelling via multinomial logistic regression and analysing recent data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (2025/2026) and UNESCO, the results highlight the emergence of a dual gap: the “AI Readiness Gap” and the “Survival Gap”.

The study shows that whilst AI offers opportunities for personalised learning and productivity gains, its effectiveness depends on the quality of digital infrastructure and the adaptation of pedagogical frameworks. The findings call for a transition from theoretical awareness to practical and technological support in order to transform the demographic dividend into a lever for inclusive growth.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Human Capital, Education, Entrepreneurship, Africa.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/628

Investment Promotion and Regional Economic Intelligence: An Analysis of the Dakhla Oued Eddahab Regional Development Programme

2026-04-23T17:45:59+00:00

In the context of the implementation of advanced regionalisation in Morocco, particularly in the southern provinces, and the adoption of new territorial development measures tailored to regional specificities, the analysis of Regional Development Programmes (RDPs) is essential. These programmes constitute strategic instruments aimed at enhancing the economic attractiveness of territories, whilst addressing the challenges of competitiveness, equity and sustainability.

In this context, territorial economic intelligence (TEI) emerges as a key lever for supporting and optimising regional development policies. Applied to the Dakhla Oued Eddahab region, it helps to strengthen territorial competitiveness by promoting better use of local resources and facilitating the identification of investment opportunities. TEI is based on structured processes for the collection, analysis and dissemination of strategic information, enabling informed decision-making and the coordination of actions by various public and private stakeholders.

By integrating this approach into the RDP, the Dakhla Oued Eddahab region benefits from a more coherent regional governance framework, based on synergy between institutions, businesses and local stakeholders. This approach promotes investment, stimulates innovation and supports the development of productive activities, thereby contributing to sustainable and inclusive economic growth, as well as to the reduction of territorial disparities.

The aim of this research is to highlight the role of territorial economic intelligence (TEI) in the strategic positioning and promotion of the attractiveness of the Dakhla Oued Eddahab region. To this end, a forward-looking approach is employed to analyse the region’s socio-economic characteristics and evaluate the RDP as a tool for strategic territorial planning. By 2030, territorial economic intelligence will be at the heart of economic diplomacy and territorial development policies, with an enhanced role for investment support institutions, notably the Regional Investment Centres.

Keywords: Territorial economic intelligence (TEI); regional development; territorial attractiveness; investment promotion; territorial governance.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/633

Contributions from theories of organisational justice: A narrative and critical literature review

2026-04-26T23:15:14+00:00

Organisational justice is a prolific field of research in management sciences and work psychology. This article provides a narrative and critical review of the literature on the theoretical and empirical contributions of this multidimensional construct. Drawing on a body of work selected through a transparent protocol (including seminal meta-analyses, empirical studies conducted across diverse geographical and sectoral contexts (Morocco, Japan, Hong Kong, Ghana, Tunisia, Turkey), and foundational integrative models), we examine the conceptual foundations of organisational justice, the explanatory mechanisms identified (social exchange theory, affective perspective, social identity), the main attitudinal and behavioural consequences documented, and contemporary extensions of the concept, particularly in the context of digital transformation. The cross-sectional analysis reveals consensus on the validity of the four-dimensional model and the significant effects of perceived justice on commitment, satisfaction, and turnover intention, whilst identifying recurring methodological limitations and persistent theoretical gaps. An integrative conceptual framework is proposed, articulating the antecedents, dimensions, mediating mechanisms, and consequences of organisational justice. Priority directions for future research are formulated.

Keywords: organisational justice; distributive justice; procedural justice; interactional justice; social exchange; organisational commitment; well-being at work; literature review

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/637