Imatinib Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy driven by the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene, which encodes a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. Imatinib mesylate, the first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), significantly improved survival and disease management in CML patients. However, resistance to imatinib remains a major clinical challenge. Resistance mechanisms include BCR::ABL1 kinase domain mutations, gene amplification, activation of alternative signaling pathways, and drug efflux. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying imatinib resistance, diagnostic methods, and current therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.

Keywords: Imatinib Resistance, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Received Date: September 14, 2024                  Accepted Date: October 12, 2024            

Published Date: November 13, 2024

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/230