Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Lymphedema Management on Limb Circumference and Shoulder Mobility in Women with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common and debilitating complication following breast cancer treatment, characterized by chronic limb swelling and frequent shoulder dysfunction. Physiotherapy-led conservative management, primarily Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT), is the standard of care.

This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the effectiveness of key physiotherapy interventions for BCRL, with a specific focus on their dual impact on reducing limb circumference/volume and improving shoulder range of motion and function.

A review of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and key randomized controlled trials from databases such as PubMed, PEDro, and Cochrane Library was conducted.

Findings: Strong evidence supports that CDT, particularly its components of multilayer short-stretch compression bandaging and therapeutic exercise, is highly effective in reducing upper limb volume. Concurrently, these interventions significantly improve shoulder mobility. Volume reduction alleviates pain and heaviness, removing a barrier to movement, while targeted exercises directly address range of motion and strength. The critical role of compression and the safety and necessity of progressive exercise are well-established. The added value of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) for volume reduction remains debated, though it may aid symptom management.

Physiotherapy management is effective for both primary outcomes. Successful management requires an integrated approach targeting decongestion and functional restoration simultaneously. Long-term success depends on patient adherence to maintenance strategies, including compression garments and home exercises. Future research should prioritize combined outcome measures to optimize therapy protocols.

Received Date: October 20, 2025

Accepted Date: November 11, 2025

Published Date: December 01, 2025

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/548