Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship in Africa

Abstract

This study examines the complex relationship between the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), the education system, and the entrepreneurial intentions of young graduates in Africa, with a particular focus on the Malian context (a multidimensional economic analysis).

In an environment characterised by strong demographic pressure and a labour market dominated by informality, the ability of African economies to convert educational investments into real economic value is a major challenge. Drawing on human capital theory and Lazear’s “balanced skills” model, the article analyses how AI redefines the returns to education and reshapes professional trade-offs. Using econometric modelling via multinomial logistic regression and analysing recent data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (2025/2026) and UNESCO, the results highlight the emergence of a dual gap: the “AI Readiness Gap” and the “Survival Gap”.

The study shows that whilst AI offers opportunities for personalised learning and productivity gains, its effectiveness depends on the quality of digital infrastructure and the adaptation of pedagogical frameworks. The findings call for a transition from theoretical awareness to practical and technological support in order to transform the demographic dividend into a lever for inclusive growth.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Human Capital, Education, Entrepreneurship, Africa.

Received Date: February 22, 2026

Accepted Date: March 14, 2026

Published Date: April 02, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/628