Democratising the energy transition in Morocco: an analysis of the framework for decentralised self-generation through the lens of energy justice

Abstract

Morocco’s Law No. 82-21 and its implementing decree create legal routes for electricity self-production, but formal eligibility does not establish effective access. This article combines a structured reading of the law, implementing rules and the electricity regulator’s published hosting-capacity data with a focused review of research on energy justice, rooftop solar adoption and collective energy. We examine four stylized applicants — a household, a farm, a cooperative and a small firm — through a sequence of legal eligibility, ability to complete a request, local network access and realized benefits. The regulatory route depends on capacity, voltage and connection conditions; potential savings also depend on consumption timing, financing and the applicable rules for surplus sales. Approved cumulative distribution hosting capacity rises from 691 MW in 2026 to 1,324 MW in 2030, but these planning values do not count connected projects or identify beneficiaries. The article specifies which claims follow from legal texts and public data and which require administrative records and household or project-level evidence. It offers a testable framework for assessing whether an opening in energy law becomes equitable participation.

Keywords: electricity self-production; Morocco; energy justice; hosting capacity; solar adoption; territorial governance.

Received Date: August 17, 2026

Accepted Date: September 09, 2026

Published Date: October 01, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/959